The enforcement mechanisms SMCRA relies upon—prohibitions against selling coal or obtaining new permits—are now meaningless to many companies that do not want new permits and have no buyers for coal, making enforcement of reclamation standards even more difficult for s...
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In openpit mining, the process of disturbing the surface includes stripping of overlying strata, coalseam mining, solid backfilling, return of top soil, and reclamation. The study area consisted of the Shengli Coalfield, which is located in Zhenglanqi, to the northwest of Xilingol City, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (43°54′15 ...
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WASHINGTON The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement has named the Thunder Basin Coal Company as the recipient of the 2023 Good Neighbor Award in recognition of its corporate citizenship at the Black Thunder and Coal Creek mines in Wyoming. The Good Neighbor Award is presented to a mine operator for successfully working with the surrounding landowners and the community while ...
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The Surface Coal Mining Land Conservation and Reclamation Act was passed on June 1, 1980, to be implemented with adoption of the permanent regulatory program. In May 1982, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior approved the Illinois program, thus implementing the permanent regulatory program for surface coal mining and reclamation in ...
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The land underlying them is also rich in coal, and surface mines operated on more than million acres in the region from 1977, when the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act was passed, through 2015. Many efforts to reclaim mined lands most often resulted in the establishment of grasses, shrubs, and nonnative plants.
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Mine reclamation is the process of modifying land that has been mined to ecologically functional or economically usable state. Although the process of mine reclamation occurs once mining is completed, the planning of mine reclamation activities occurs prior to a mine being permitted or started.
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Coal mine permittees pay a fee to the AML Reclamation Fund (AML Fund) based on the tonnage of coal produced. As of September 30, 2022, approximately billion in industry AML fees have been collected, including interest earned.
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Reclamation bonds are posted by mining companies to ensure successful completion of the process. Reclamation includes the following steps: contouring of land; placement of topsoil or an approved substitute on the graded area; reseeding with native vegetation, crops and/or trees; and years of careful monitoring to assure success. As surface ...
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Reclamation Bonding Process SMCRA provides that, as a prerequisite for obtaining a coal mining permit, a person must post a reclamation bond to ensure that the regulatory authority will have sufficient funds to reclaim the site if the permittee fails to complete the reclamation plan approved in the permit. To remain qualified, selfbonded ...
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authority to issue and enforce coal mining and reclamation permits. No tribe has established a regulatory program under Title V. OSMRE, in coordination with tribes, regulates coal mining on tribal lands. SMCRA requires coal mining operators regulated under Title V to provide a financial assurance, or performance bond, to the regulatory authority.
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Green Forests Work. Such aggressive bulldozing is part of a new and evolving approach to healing forests destroyed by decades of surface coal mining in Appalachia, from Alabama to Pennsylvania. These lands were supposed to have been reclaimed in recent decades under the 1977 federal Surface Mine Control and Reclamation Act.
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But as the sun sets on America's coal mining era, new reclamation projects are taking root, transforming scarred lands and contaminated waters into productive resources while creating jobs —...
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Mine reclamation is restoring a mine site to its premining condition. It includes capping and sealing contaminated areas, planting vegetation, salvaging usable materials, and reclaiming land affected by mining activity. The first step in the reclamation process is to locate and secure the mine site, followed by submitting an environmental ...
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Lands disturbed by coal mining must be restored to a condition that can support the uses it could support before mining (or even make the land better). In the closeup images, the mined land seems to move over time. As the mining and beginnings of the reclamation process take place, we can see the digging and backfilling occurring.
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NRG has bonds totaling 112 million to restore the Jewett mine, a process that began in 1986, a year after mining began. Companies commonly do reclamation work even as they're still mining a site.
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In order to mitigate the effects caused by mining, both in Poland and in the world, a number of legal regulations have been developed, which oblige mainly the mining entrepreneurs to restore use values of degraded or devastated lands. This process called reclamation is a longterm, complex operation and covers large areas.
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Appalachian Voices estimated that the total cost of outstanding reclamation for all seven states at the time was to billion dollars, and that required bonding programs were likely to be ...
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Mine Subsidence. Reclamation Process. When subsidence reports are received, staff will investigate the problem to determine if it was caused by an abandoned coal mine. Other potential causes of subsidence include rotting tree roots, water impoundment and drainage issues, broken utility lines, and improper preparation of building sites.
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Reclamation. Technical Services. The Technical Services Section provides technical assistance to all other Division sections but primary work effort is directed at active mines. Their main responsibility is reviewing the technical aspects of permit applications. Staff provide field advice on technical mining issues and frequently meet with coal ...
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That means if the land we mine once grew crops, it must be able to do so again after reclamation. The cost to reclaim one acre of land averages about 20,000 and can run as high as 50,000. BNI Coal has also invested tens of millions of dollars in the equipment necessary for the reclamation process. We will continue to remain at the forefront ...
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Due to intensified mechanization and high stripping ratio (OB: Coal), a huge overburden must be takenoff for continuous mining operations. Figure 2 presents India's coal OB generation and stripping ratio in recent years. In 202122, the volume of OB generation aggregated (public) to million cubic meters (MCum) with a stripping ratio of (Ministry of Coal, Govt. of India 2021).
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Are blasting activities regulated at coal mines? Yes, the Land Reclamation Program regulates several aspects of the use of explosives at coal mines. These are. ... As of June 30, 2006, there were two operating coal mines and five in the process of reclaiming, along with eight that had their permits revoked and the Land Reclamation Program is ...
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Mine Subsidence. Reclamation Process. When subsidence reports are received, staff will investigate the problem to determine if it was caused by an abandoned coal mine. Other potential causes of subsidence include rotting tree roots, water impoundment and drainage issues, broken utility lines, and improper preparation of building sites.
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It is a significant order as abandoning of mines or improper land reclamation following mine closure has been a regular complaint of environmentalist and activists. ... (201819) regarding land restoration and reclamation of 52 opencast coal mines projects of Coal India Limited (CIL), the total mine leasehold area is square kilometres ...
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mines, the process of coal mining will artificially form dumps, gangues, and open pits, etc.[4] If mining is not ... providing guidance for mine reclamation projects. Experts and scholars at home and abroad have conducted targeted research on the issues of subsidence areas, fly ash yards, barrows, contaminated soil and water in openpit ...
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Mining activities produced a lot of abandoned mine land. This paper introduced the theoretical and technical progress of ecological restoration of surface coal mines, mining subsidence land and ...
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Sludge was added to reconstructed mine substrates (RMS) to accelerate the reclamation process. The effect of sludge on plant growth, microbial activity, soil aggregate stability, and...
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While the successful reclamation of coal postmining land sites in Indonesia has been evaluated, no costbenefit analysis has been carried out on the reclamation of mined land, and the impact of the reclamation work has not been determined. The results of this case study indicate that reclamation work is not an emissionfree process, but that the benefits delivered from this work are considerable.
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A Bloomberg News/NPR investigation found large coal companies used bankruptcy and asset transfers to move old mines to shaky new owners, putting at risk federally mandated land reclamation.
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For these companies, the reclamation process goes handinhand with the mining itself; as new mines are carved out, old soil and grass goes back into exhausted mines to build back the land.
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"The process has become politicized, and the NEPA process has become weaponized. The end result is costly permitting delays, increased land disturbance in mining costs, delayed reclamation, fuel ...
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The process to develop a reclamation plan with wildlife habitat as a primary end land use for the Cheviot Mine is described. Reclam ation for wildlife habitat and the results of on going wildlife monitoring on two ... Reclamation of open pit coal mines is carried out in a progressiv e fashion meaning that once minin g of the first pit developm ...
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The findings could lead Congress or the Department of the Interior to take steps to make sure unreclaimed mines get reclaimed, she said. The lawmakers have asked GAO to quantify the number, location and size of coal mines that have neither produced coal or made reclamation progress, and whether bonding or other financial assurances are adequate to address the problem.
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